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# Lamentations, Chapter 3
## Chapter 3
### The Voice of a Suffering Individual
1 I am one who has known affliction ^lamentations-03-1
under the rod of God’s anger,
2 One whom he has driven and forced to walk ^lamentations-03-2
in darkness, not in light;
3 Against me alone he turns his hand— ^lamentations-03-3
again and again all day long.
4 He has worn away my flesh and my skin, ^lamentations-03-4
he has broken my bones;
5 He has besieged me all around ^lamentations-03-5
with poverty and hardship;
6 He has left me to dwell in dark places ^lamentations-03-6
like those long dead.
7 He has hemmed me in with no escape, ^lamentations-03-7
weighed me down with chains;
8 Even when I cry for help, ^lamentations-03-8
he stops my prayer;
9 He has hemmed in my ways with fitted stones, ^lamentations-03-9
and made my paths crooked.
10 He has been a bear lying in wait for me, ^lamentations-03-10
a lion in hiding!
11 He turned me aside and tore me apart, ^lamentations-03-11
leaving me ravaged.
12 He bent his bow, and set me up ^lamentations-03-12
as a target for his arrow.
13 He pierced my kidneys ^lamentations-03-13
with shafts from his quiver.
14 I have become a laughingstock to all my people, ^lamentations-03-14
their taunt all day long;
15 He has sated me with bitterness, ^lamentations-03-15
filled me with wormwood.
16 He has made me eat gravel, ^lamentations-03-16
trampled me into the dust;
17 My life is deprived of peace, ^lamentations-03-17
I have forgotten what happiness is;
18 My enduring hope, I said, ^lamentations-03-18
has perished before the LORD.
19 The thought of my wretched homelessness ^lamentations-03-19
is wormwood and poison;
20 Remembering it over and over, ^lamentations-03-20
my soul is downcast.
21 But this I will call to mind; ^lamentations-03-21
therefore I will hope:
22 The LORD’s acts of mercy are not exhausted, ^lamentations-03-22
his compassion is not spent;
23 They are renewed each morning— ^lamentations-03-23
great is your faithfulness!
24 The LORD is my portion, I tell myself, ^lamentations-03-24
therefore I will hope in him.
25 The LORD is good to those who trust in him, ^lamentations-03-25
to the one that seeks him;
26 It is good to hope in silence ^lamentations-03-26
for the LORD’s deliverance.
27 It is good for a person, when young, ^lamentations-03-27
to bear the yoke,
28 To sit alone and in silence, ^lamentations-03-28
when its weight lies heavy,
29 To put one’s mouth in the dust— ^lamentations-03-29
there may yet be hope—
30 To offer one’s cheek to be struck, ^lamentations-03-30
to be filled with disgrace.
31 For the Lord does not ^lamentations-03-31
reject forever;
32 Though he brings grief, he takes pity, ^lamentations-03-32
according to the abundance of his mercy;
33 He does not willingly afflict ^lamentations-03-33
or bring grief to human beings.
34 That someone tramples underfoot ^lamentations-03-34
all the prisoners in the land,
35 Or denies justice to anyone ^lamentations-03-35
in the very sight of the Most High,
36 Or subverts a person’s lawsuit— ^lamentations-03-36
does the Lord not see?
37 Who speaks so that it comes to pass, ^lamentations-03-37
unless the Lord commands it?
38 Is it not at the word of the Most High ^lamentations-03-38
that both good and bad take place?
39 What should the living complain about? ^lamentations-03-39
about their sins!
40 Let us search and examine our ways, ^lamentations-03-40
and return to the LORD!
41 Let us lift up our hearts as well as our hands ^lamentations-03-41
toward God in heaven!
42 We have rebelled and been obstinate; ^lamentations-03-42
you have not forgiven us.
43 You wrapped yourself in wrath and pursued us, ^lamentations-03-43
killing without pity;
44 You wrapped yourself in a cloud, ^lamentations-03-44
which no prayer could pierce.
45 You have made us filth and rubbish ^lamentations-03-45
among the peoples.
46 They have opened their mouths against us, ^lamentations-03-46
all our enemies;
47 Panic and the pit have been our lot, ^lamentations-03-47
desolation and destruction;
48 My eyes stream with tears over the destruction ^lamentations-03-48
of the daughter of my people.
49 My eyes will flow without ceasing, ^lamentations-03-49
without rest,
50 Until the LORD from heaven ^lamentations-03-50
looks down and sees.
51 I am tormented by the sight ^lamentations-03-51
of all the daughters of my city.
52 Without cause, my enemies snared me ^lamentations-03-52
as though I were a bird;
53 They tried to end my life in the pit, ^lamentations-03-53
pelting me with stones.
54 The waters flowed over my head: ^lamentations-03-54
and I said, “I am lost!”
55 I have called upon your name, O LORD, ^lamentations-03-55
from the bottom of the pit;
56 You heard me call, “Do not let your ear be deaf ^lamentations-03-56
to my cry for help.”
57 You drew near on the day I called you; ^lamentations-03-57
you said, “Do not fear!”
58 You pleaded my case, Lord, ^lamentations-03-58
you redeemed my life.
59 You see, LORD, how I am wronged; ^lamentations-03-59
do me justice!
60 You see all their vindictiveness, ^lamentations-03-60
all their plots against me.
61 You hear their reproach, LORD, ^lamentations-03-61
all their plots against me,
62 The whispered murmurings of my adversaries, ^lamentations-03-62
against me all day long;
63 Look! Whether they sit or stand, ^lamentations-03-63
I am the butt of their taunt.
64 Give them what they deserve, LORD, ^lamentations-03-64
according to their deeds;
65 Give them hardness of heart; ^lamentations-03-65
your curse be upon them;
66 Pursue them in wrath and destroy them ^lamentations-03-66
from under the LORD’s heaven!
\* (3:1] – [66) This chapter is focused less on the destruction of Jerusalem than are chaps. [1] and [2] and more on the suffering of an individual. The identity of the individual is never given, and one probably should not search for a specific identification of the speaker. The figure of the representative sufferer makes concrete the pain of the people in a way similar to the personification of Zion as a woman in chaps. [1] and [2]. Indeed, in vv. [40] – [48] the individual voice gives way to a communal voice, returning in vv. [49] – [66] to the individual sufferer.
\* (3:21] – [24) In the midst of a description of suffering, the speaker offers this brief but compelling statement of hope in God’s ultimate mercy. It is a hard-won and precarious hope, nearly submerged by the volume and intensity of the surrounding lament, but it is hope nonetheless.
\* (3:29) To put one’s mouth in the dust: a sign of humiliation and submission; cf. v. [16]; [Ps 72:9].
\* (3:40] – [66) The plural voice in this lament suggests that a communal lament begins here; it then continues in the singular voice in vv. [55] – [66].
\* (3:48] – [51) These verses are more appropriate on the lips of the poet, who speaks of “my city” (v. [51]). Daughters of my city: here as elsewhere “daughter” may refer to villages dependent on a larger city.
a. (3:1) [Jer 20:18].
b. (3:4) [Jb 30:30]; [Is 38:13].
c. (3:6) [Ps 143:3].
d. (3:8) ([[psalm-18|Ps 18]]:41]; [22:2]; [88:14] – [15].
e. (3:10) [Jb 10:16]; [[hosea-13|Hos 13]]:8.
f. (3:11) [Lam 1:13].
g. (3:12) [Lam 2:4]; [Jb 16:12].
h. (3:13) [Jb 6:4]; [Ps 38:3].
i. (3:14) [Jb 30:9]; [Ps 69:13].
j. (3:15) [Jer 9:14]; [23:15].
k. (3:22) [1 Sm 20:15]; [Neh 9:31].
l. (3:24) ([[psalm-16|Ps 16]]:5]; [73:26].
m. (3:25) [Ps 130:6]; [Is 30:18].
n. (3:30) [Is 50:6]; ([[matthew-05|Mt 5]]:39].
o. (3:31) [Ps 85:6]; [103:9].
p. (3:32) [1 Sm 2:6] – [7]; [Tb 13:2]; [Is 54:8].
q. (3:33) [Ex 34:6] – [7].
r. (3:38) [Is 45:7].
s. (3:40) [Jl 2:12] – [13].
t. (3:43) [Lam 2:21].
u. (3:45) ([[1-corinthians-04|1 Cor 4]]:13].
v. (3:47) [[isaiah-24|Is 24]]:17 – [18]; [Jer 48:43] – [44].
w. (3:48) [Lam 1:16]; [2:11]; [Jer 8:23]; [9:17].
x. (3:54) [Ps 69:2] – [3]; [88:8]; [Jon 2:4].
y. (3:55] – [56) [Ps 130:1] – [2].
z. (3:58] – [59) [Ps 35:23] – [24]; [43:1]; [119:154].
a. (3:65) [Jer 11:20]; [2 Tm 4:14].
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_New American Bible, revised edition_ (2010, 1991, 1986, 1970) Confraternity of Christian Doctrine, Washington, D.C.
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