> [[sd-08-footnotes-1a|← Previous]] | [[sd-08-footnotes|TOC]] | [[sd-08-footnotes-2a|Next →]] # Part 1 Footnotes (251 - 456) \[251\] Cf. *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.1.1.1.p5g|1705]]. ^csdc-fn-251 \[252\] Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 17: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1037; cf. *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.1.1.3.p5m|1730]]-[[3.1.1.3.p5n|1732]]. ^csdc-fn-252 \[253\] Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Veritatis Splendor](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_06081993_veritatis-splendor.html)*, 34: *AAS* 85 (1993), 11601161; Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 17: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1038. ^csdc-fn-253 \[254\] Cf. *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.1.1.3.p5n|1733]]. ^csdc-fn-254 \[255\] Cf. Gregory of Nyssa, *De Vita Moysis*, II, 2-3: PG 44, 327B-328B: “unde fit, ut nos ipsi patres quodammodo simus nostri... vitii ac virtutis ratione fingentes”. ^csdc-fn-255 \[256\] Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Centesimus Annus](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus.html)*, 13: *AAS* 83 (1991), 809-810. ^csdc-fn-256 \[257\] Cf. *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.1.1.1.p5g|1706]]. ^csdc-fn-257 \[258\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Veritatis Splendor](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_06081993_veritatis-splendor.html)*, 35: *AAS* 85 (1993), 1161-1162. ^csdc-fn-258 \[259\] *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.1.1.3.p5o|1740]]. ^csdc-fn-259 \[260\] Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Instruction *[Libertatis Conscientia](https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_19860322_freedom-liberation_en.html)*, 75: *AAS* 79 (1987), 587. ^csdc-fn-260 \[261\] Cf. *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.1.1.4.p5q|1749]]-[[3.1.1.4.p5s|1756]]. ^csdc-fn-261 \[262\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Veritatis Splendor](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_06081993_veritatis-splendor.html)*, 86: *AAS* 85 (1993), 1201. ^csdc-fn-262 \[263\] Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Veritatis Splendor](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_06081993_veritatis-splendor.html)*, 44, 99: *AAS* 85 (1993), 1168-1169, 1210-1211. ^csdc-fn-263 \[264\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Veritatis Splendor](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_06081993_veritatis-splendor.html)*, 61: *AAS* 85 (1993), 1181-1182. ^csdc-fn-264 \[265\] Cf. Encyclical Letter *[Veritatis Splendor](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_06081993_veritatis-splendor.html)*, 50: *AAS* 85 (1993), 1173-1174. ^csdc-fn-265 \[266\] Saint Thomas Aquinas, *In Duo Praecepta Caritatis et in Decem Legis Praecepta Expositio*, c. 1: “Nunc autem de scientia operandorum intendimus: ad quam tractandan quadruplex lex invenitur. Prima dicitur lex naturae; et haec nihil aliud est nisi lumen intellectus insitum nobis a Deo, per quod cognoscimus quid agendum et quid vitandum. Hoc lumen et hanc legem dedit Deus homini in creatione”: Divi Thomae Aquinatis, Doctoris Angelici, *Opuscola Theologica*, vol. II: *De re spirituali*, cura et studio P. Fr. Raymundi Spiazzi, O.P., Marietti ed., Taurini - Romae 1954, p. 245. ^csdc-fn-266 \[267\] Cf. Saint Thomas Aquinas, *Summa Theologiae*, I-II, q. 91, a. 2, c: Ed. Leon. 7, 154: “partecipatio legis aeternae in rationali creatura lex naturalis dicitur”. ^csdc-fn-267 \[268\] Cf. *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.1.3.1.p6u|1955]]. ^csdc-fn-268 \[269\] Cf. *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.1.3.1.p6u|1956]] ^csdc-fn-269 \[270\] Cf. *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.1.3.1.p6u|1957]]. ^csdc-fn-270 \[271\] *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.1.3.1.p6u|1958]]. ^csdc-fn-271 \[272\] First Vatican Ecumenical Council, *[[dei-filius-v1|Dei Filius]]*, c. 2: DS 3005, p. 588; cf. Pius XII, Encyclical Letter *[[[humani-generis|[[humani-generis|Humani Generis]]]]](http://www.vatican.va/content/pius-xii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_p-xii_enc_12081950_humani-generis.html)*: *AAS* 42 (1950), 562. ^csdc-fn-272 \[273\] Cf. *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.1.3.1.p6u|1960]]. ^csdc-fn-273 \[274\] Cf. Saint Augustine, *Confessions*, 2, 4, 9: PL 32, 678: “Furtum certe punit lex tua, Domine, et lex scripta in cordibus hominum, quam ne ipsa quidem delete iniquitas”. ^csdc-fn-274 \[275\] Cf. *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.1.3.1.p6u|1959]]. ^csdc-fn-275 \[276\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Veritatis Splendor](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_06081993_veritatis-splendor.html)*, 51: *AAS* 85 (1993), 1175. ^csdc-fn-276 \[277\] Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Evangelium Vitae](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_25031995_evangelium-vitae.html)*, 19-20: *AAS* 87 (1995), 421-424. ^csdc-fn-277 \[278\] Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 13: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1034-1035. ^csdc-fn-278 \[279\] Cf. *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.1.1.3.p5o|1741]]. ^csdc-fn-279 \[280\] Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Veritatis Splendor](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_06081993_veritatis-splendor.html)*, 87: *AAS* 85 (1993), 1202-1203. ^csdc-fn-280 \[281\] Cf. *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.1.2.3.p6p|1934]]. ^csdc-fn-281 \[282\] Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 29: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1048-1049. ^csdc-fn-282 \[283\] Cf. Paul VI, Encyclical Letter *[Octogesima Adveniens](http://www.vatican.va/content/paul-vi/en/apost_letters/documents/hf_p-vi_apl_19710514_octogesima-adveniens.html)*, 16: *AAS* 63 (1971), 413. ^csdc-fn-283 \[284\] Cf. John XXIII, Encyclical Letter *[Pacem in Terris](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-xxiii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_j-xxiii_enc_11041963_pacem.html)*, 47-48: *AAS* 55 (1963), 279281; Paul VI, Address to the General Assembly of the United Nations (4 October 1965), 5: *AAS* 57 (1965), 881; John Paul II, *[Address to the Fiftieth General Assembly of the United Nations](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/speeches/1995/october/documents/hf_jp-ii_spe_05101995_address-to-uno.html)* (5 October 1995), 13: *L'Osservatore Romano*, English edition, 11 October 1995, p. 9-10. ^csdc-fn-284 \[285\] Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 84: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1107-1108. ^csdc-fn-285 \[286\] Cf. Paul VI, Address to the General Assembly of the United Nations, 5: *AAS* 57 (1965), 881; Paul VI, Encyclical Letter *[Populorum Progressio](http://www.vatican.va/content/paul-vi/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_p-vi_enc_26031967_populorum.html)*, 43-44: *AAS* 59 (1967), 278-279. ^csdc-fn-286 \[287\] John Paul II, Post-Synodal Apostolic Exhortation *[Christifideles Laici](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/apost_exhortations/documents/hf_jp-ii_exh_30121988_christifideles-laici.html)*, 50: *AAS* 81 (1989), 489. ^csdc-fn-287 \[288\] John Paul II, Apostolic Letter *[Mulieris Dignitatem](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/apost_letters/1988/documents/hf_jp-ii_apl_19880815_mulieris-dignitatem.html)*, 11: *AAS* 80 (1988), 1678. ^csdc-fn-288 \[289\] John Paul II, Letter to Women, 8: *AAS* 87 (1995), 808. ^csdc-fn-289 \[290\] John Paul II, Sunday Angelus (9 July 1995): *L'Osservatore Romano*, English edition, 12 July 1995, p. 1; cf. Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, *[Letter to the Bishops of the Catholic Church on the Collaboration of Men and Women in the Church and in the World](http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20040731_collaboration_en.html)*: *L'Osservatore Romano*, English edition, 11/18 August 2004, pp. 5-8. ^csdc-fn-290 \[291\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Laborem Exercens](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_14091981_laborem-exercens.html)*, 22: *AAS* 73 (1981), 634. ^csdc-fn-291 \[292\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Laborem Exercens](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_14091981_laborem-exercens.html)*, 22: *AAS* 73 (1981), 634. ^csdc-fn-292 \[293\] John Paul II, [Message for the International Symposium on the Dignity and Rights of the Mentally Disabled Person, 5 January 2004](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/speeches/2004/january/documents/hf_jp-ii_spe_20040108_handicap-mentale.html), 5: *L'Osservatore Romano*, English edition, 21 January 2004, p. 6. ^csdc-fn-293 \[294\] Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 12: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1034; *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.1.2.1.p6g|1879]]. ^csdc-fn-294 \[295\] Cf. Pius XII, Radio Message of 24 December 1942, 6: *AAS* 35 (1943), 11-12; John XXIII, Encyclical Letter *[Pacem in Terris](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-xxiii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_j-xxiii_enc_11041963_pacem.html)*: *AAS* 55 (1963), 264-265. ^csdc-fn-295 \[296\] *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.1.2.1.p6g|1880]]. ^csdc-fn-296 \[297\] The natural social disposition of men and women also makes it evident that the origin of society is not found in a “contract” or “agreement”, but in human nature itself; and from this arises the possibility of freely creating different agreements of association. It must not be forgotten that the ideologies of the social contract are based on a false anthropology; consequently, their results cannot be — and in fact they have not been — profitable for society or for people. The Magisterium has declared such opinions as openly absurd and entirely disastrous: cf. Leo XIII, Encyclical Letter *[Libertas Praestantissimum](http://www.vatican.va/content/leo-xiii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_l-xiii_enc_20061888_libertas.html)*: *Acta Leonis XIII*, 8 (1889), 226-227. ^csdc-fn-297 \[298\] Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Instruction *[Libertatis Conscientia](https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_19860322_freedom-liberation_en.html)*, 32: *AAS* 79 (1987), 567. ^csdc-fn-298 \[299\] Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 25: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1045-1046. ^csdc-fn-299 \[300\] Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Sollicitudo Rei Socialis](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_30121987_sollicitudo-rei-socialis.html)*, 26: *AAS* 80 (1988), 544-547; Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 76: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1099-1100. ^csdc-fn-300 \[301\] *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.1.2.1.p6g|1882]]. ^csdc-fn-301 \[302\] Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Declaration *[Dignitatis Humanae](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_decl_19651207_dignitatis-humanae_en.html)*, 1: *AAS* 58 (1966), 929-930. ^csdc-fn-302 \[303\] Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 41: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1059-1060; Congregation for Catholic Education, *[Guidelines for the Study and Teaching of the Church's Social Doctrine in the Formation of Priests](http://www.humandevelopment.va/content/dam/sviluppoumano/pubblicazioni-documenti/archivio/dottrina-sociale-della-chiesa/orientamenti/ODSI_ENG.pdf)*, 32, Vatican Polyglot Press, Rome 1988, pp. 36-37. ^csdc-fn-303 \[304\] John Paul II, [Address to the 34th General Assembly of the United Nations](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/speeches/1979/october/documents/hf_jp-ii_spe_19791002_general-assembly-onu.html) (2 October 1979), 7: *AAS* 71 (1979), 1147-1148; for John Paul II, this *Declaration* “remains one of the highest expressions of the human conscience of our time”: *[Address to the Fiftieth General Assembly of the United Nations](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/speeches/1995/october/documents/hf_jp-ii_spe_05101995_address-to-uno.html)* (5 October 1995), 2: *L'Osservatore Romano*, English edition, 11 October 1995, p. 8. ^csdc-fn-304 \[305\] Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 27: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1047-1048; *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.1.2.3.p6o|1930]]. ^csdc-fn-305 \[306\] Cf. John XIII, Encyclical Letter *[Pacem in Terris](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-xxiii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_j-xxiii_enc_11041963_pacem.html)*: *AAS* 55 (1963), 259; Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 22: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1079. ^csdc-fn-306 \[307\] Cf. John XXIII, Encyclical Letter *[Pacem in Terris](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-xxiii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_j-xxiii_enc_11041963_pacem.html)*: *AAS* 55 (1963), 278-279. ^csdc-fn-307 \[308\] John XXIII, Encyclical Letter *[Pacem in Terris](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-xxiii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_j-xxiii_enc_11041963_pacem.html)*: *AAS* 55 (1963), 259. ^csdc-fn-308 \[309\] John Paul II, [Message for the 1999 World Day of Peace](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/messages/peace/documents/hf_jp-ii_mes_14121998_xxxii-world-day-for-peace.html), 3: *AAS* 91 (1999), 379. ^csdc-fn-309 \[310\] Paul VI, [Message to the International Conference on Human Rights, Teheran](http://www.vatican.va/content/paul-vi/en/messages/pont-messages/documents/hf_p-vi_mess_19680415_confer-teheran.html) (15 April 1968): *L'Osservatore Romano*, English edition, 2 May 1968, p. 4. ^csdc-fn-310 \[311\] John Paul II, [Message for the 1999 World Day of Peace](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/messages/peace/documents/hf_jp-ii_mes_14121998_xxxii-world-day-for-peace.html), 3: *AAS* 91 (1999), 379. ^csdc-fn-311 \[312\] John Paul II, [Message for the 1999 World Day of Peace](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/messages/peace/documents/hf_jp-ii_mes_14121998_xxxii-world-day-for-peace.html), 3: *AAS* 91 (1999), 379. ^csdc-fn-312 \[313\] John Paul II, Message for the 1998 World Day of Peace, 2: *AAS* 90 (1998), 149. ^csdc-fn-313 \[314\] Cf. John XXIII, Encyclical Letter *[Pacem in Terris](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-xxiii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_j-xxiii_enc_11041963_pacem.html)*: *AAS* 55 (1963), 259-264. ^csdc-fn-314 \[315\] Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 26: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1046-1047. ^csdc-fn-315 \[316\] Cf. Paul VI, Address to the General Assembly of the United Nations (4 October 1965), 6: *AAS* 57 (1965), 883-884; Paul VI, Message to the Bishops Gathered for the Synod (26 October 1974): *AAS* 66 (1974), 631-639. ^csdc-fn-316 \[317\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Centesimus Annus](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus.html)*, 47: *AAS* 83 (1991), 851-852; cf. also Address to the 34th General Assembly of the United Nations (2 October 1979), 13: *AAS* 71 (1979) 1152-1153. ^csdc-fn-317 \[318\] Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Evangelium Vitae](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_25031995_evangelium-vitae.html)*, 2: *AAS* 87 (1995), 402. ^csdc-fn-318 \[319\] Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 27: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1047-1048; John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Veritatis Splendor](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_06081993_veritatis-splendor.html)*, 80: *AAS* 85 (1993), 1197-1198; John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Evangelium Vitae](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_25031995_evangelium-vitae.html)*, 7-28: *AAS* 87 (1995), 408-433. ^csdc-fn-319 \[320\] Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Declaration *[Dignitatis Humanae](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_decl_19651207_dignitatis-humanae_en.html)*, 2: *AAS* 58 (1966), 930-931. ^csdc-fn-320 \[321\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Redemptor Hominis](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_04031979_redemptor-hominis.html)*, 17: *AAS* 71 (1979), 300. ^csdc-fn-321 \[322\] Cf. John XXIII, Encyclical Letter *[Pacem in Terris](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-xxiii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_j-xxiii_enc_11041963_pacem.html)*: *AAS* 55 (1963), 259-264; Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 26: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1046-1047. ^csdc-fn-322 \[323\] John XXIII, Encyclical Letter *[Pacem in Terris](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-xxiii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_j-xxiii_enc_11041963_pacem.html)*: *AAS* 55 (1963), 264. ^csdc-fn-323 \[324\] John XXIII, Encyclical Letter *[Pacem in Terris](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-xxiii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_j-xxiii_enc_11041963_pacem.html)*: *AAS* 55 (1963), 264. ^csdc-fn-324 \[325\] Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Sollicitudo Rei Socialis](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_30121987_sollicitudo-rei-socialis.html)*, 33: *AAS* 80 (1988), 557-559; John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Centesimus Annus](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus.html)*, 21: *AAS* 83 (1991), 818-819. ^csdc-fn-325 \[326\] John Paul II, *[Letter on the occasion of the fiftieth anniversary of the outbreak of the Second World War](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/messages/pont_messages/1989/documents/hf_jp-ii_mes_19890827_anniv-ii-guerra-mondiale.html)*, 8: *L'Osservatore Romano,* English edition, 4 September 1989, p. 2. ^csdc-fn-326 \[327\] John Paul II, *[Letter on the occasion of the fiftieth anniversary of the outbreak of the Second World War](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/messages/pont_messages/1989/documents/hf_jp-ii_mes_19890827_anniv-ii-guerra-mondiale.html)*, 8: *L'Osservatore Romano,* English edition, 4 September 1989, p. 2. ^csdc-fn-327 \[328\] Cf. John Paul II, Address to the Diplomatic Corps (9 January 1988), 7-8: *L'Osservatore Romano,* English edition, 25 January 1988, p. 7. ^csdc-fn-328 \[329\] John Paul II, *[Address to the Fiftieth General Assembly of the United Nations](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/speeches/1995/october/documents/hf_jp-ii_spe_05101995_address-to-uno.html)* (5 October 1995), 8: *L'Osservatore Romano*, English edition, 11 October 1995, p. 9. ^csdc-fn-329 \[330\] John Paul II, [Address to the Fiftieth General Assembly of the United Nations](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/speeches/1995/october/documents/hf_jp-ii_spe_05101995_address-to-uno.html) (5 October 1995), 8: *L'Osservatore Romano*, English edition, 11 October 1995, p. 9. ^csdc-fn-330 \[331\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Centesimus Annus](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus.html)*, 47: *AAS* 83 (1991), 852. ^csdc-fn-331 \[332\] Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Redemptor Hominis](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_04031979_redemptor-hominis.html)*, 17: *AAS* 71 (1979), 295-300. ^csdc-fn-332 \[333\] Paul VI, Encyclical Letter *[Octogesima Adveniens](http://www.vatican.va/content/paul-vi/en/apost_letters/documents/hf_p-vi_apl_19710514_octogesima-adveniens.html)*, 23: *AAS* 63 (1971), 418. ^csdc-fn-333 \[334\] Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Centesimus Annus](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus.html)*, 54: *AAS* 83 (1991), 859-860. ^csdc-fn-334 \[335\] Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 41: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1060. ^csdc-fn-335 \[336\] Cf. John Paul II, *[Address to Officials and Advocates of the Tribunal of the Roman Rota](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/speeches/1979/february/documents/hf_jp-ii_spe_19790217_roman-rota.html)* (17 February 1979), 4: *Insegnamenti di Giovanni Paolo II*, II, 1 (1979), 413-414. ^csdc-fn-336 \[337\] Cf. *Code of Canon Law*, canons 208-223. ^csdc-fn-337 \[338\] Cf. Pontifical Commission “Iustitia et Pax”, *The Church and Human Rights*, 70-90, Vatican City 1975, pp. 45-54. ^csdc-fn-338 \[339\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Sollecitudo Rei Socialis](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_30121987_sollicitudo-rei-socialis.html)*, 41: *AAS* 80 (1988), 572. ^csdc-fn-339 \[340\] Paul VI, Motu Proprio *Iustitiam et Pacem* (10 December 1976): *L'Osservatore Romano*, 23 December 1976, p. 10. ^csdc-fn-340 \[341\] Cf. Congregation for Catholic Education, *[Guidelines for the Study and Teaching of the Church's Social Doctrine in the Formation of Priests](http://www.humandevelopment.va/content/dam/sviluppoumano/pubblicazioni-documenti/archivio/dottrina-sociale-della-chiesa/orientamenti/ODSI_ENG.pdf)*, 29-42, Vatican Polyglot Press, Rome 1988, pp. 35-43. ^csdc-fn-341 \[342\] Cf. John XXIII, Encyclical Letter *[Mater et Magistra](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-xxiii/it/encyclicals/documents/hf_j-xxiii_enc_15051961_mater.html)*: *AAS* 53 (1961), 453. ^csdc-fn-342 \[343\] Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Instruction *[Libertatis Conscientia](https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_19860322_freedom-liberation_en.html)*, 72: *AAS* 79 (1987), 585. ^csdc-fn-343 \[344\] Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Sollicitudo Rei Socialis](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_30121987_sollicitudo-rei-socialis.html)*, 1 *AAS* 80 (1988), 513-514. ^csdc-fn-344 \[345\] Cf. Congregation for Catholic Education, *[Guidelines for the Study and Teaching of the Church's Social Doctrine in the Formation of Priests](http://www.humandevelopment.va/content/dam/sviluppoumano/pubblicazioni-documenti/archivio/dottrina-sociale-della-chiesa/orientamenti/ODSI_ENG.pdf)*, 47, Vatican Polyglot Press, Rome 1988, p. 47. ^csdc-fn-345 \[346\] Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 26: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1046; cf. *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.1.2.2.p6k|1905]]-[[3.1.2.2.p6k|1912]]; John XXIII, Encyclical Letter *[Mater et Magistra](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-xxiii/it/encyclicals/documents/hf_j-xxiii_enc_15051961_mater.html)*: *AAS* 53 (1961), 417-421; John XXIII, Encyclical Letter *[Pacem in Terris](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-xxiii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_j-xxiii_enc_11041963_pacem.html)*: *AAS* 55 (1963), 272-273; Paul VI, Apostolic Letter *[Octogesima Adveniens](http://www.vatican.va/content/paul-vi/en/apost_letters/documents/hf_p-vi_apl_19710514_octogesima-adveniens.html)*, 46: *AAS* 63 (1971), 433-435. ^csdc-fn-346 \[347\] Cf. *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.1.2.2.p6k|1912]]. ^csdc-fn-347 \[348\] Cf. John XXIII, Encyclical Letter *[Pacem in Terris](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-xxiii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_j-xxiii_enc_11041963_pacem.html)*: *AAS* 55 (1963), 272. ^csdc-fn-348 \[349\] Cf. *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.1.2.2.p6k|1907]]. ^csdc-fn-349 \[350\] Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 26: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1046-1047. ^csdc-fn-350 \[351\] Cf. John XXIII, Encyclical Letter *[Mater et Magistra](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-xxiii/it/encyclicals/documents/hf_j-xxiii_enc_15051961_mater.html)*: *AAS* 53 (1961), 421. ^csdc-fn-351 \[352\] Cf. John XXIII, Encyclical Letter *[Mater et Magistra](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-xxiii/it/encyclicals/documents/hf_j-xxiii_enc_15051961_mater.html)*: *AAS* 53 (1961), 417; Paul VI, Apostolic Letter *[Octogesima Adveniens](http://www.vatican.va/content/paul-vi/en/apost_letters/documents/hf_p-vi_apl_19710514_octogesima-adveniens.html)*, 46: *AAS* 63 (1971), 433-435; *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.1.2.2.p6l|1913]]. ^csdc-fn-352 \[353\] Saint Thomas Aquinas places “knowledge of the truth about God” and “life in society” at the highest and most specific level of man's “*inclinationes naturales*” (*Summa Theologiae*, I-II, q. 94, a. 2: Ed. Leon. 7, 170: “Secundum igitur ordinem inclinationum naturalium est ordo praeceptorum legis naturae... Tertio modo inest homini inclinatio ad bonum secundum naturam rationis, quae est sibi propria; sicut homo habet naturalem inclinationem ad hoc quod veritatem cognoscat de Deo, et ad hoc quod in societate vivat”). ^csdc-fn-353 \[354\] Pius XI, Encyclical Letter *[Quadragesimo Anno](http://www.vatican.va/content/pius-xi/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_p-xi_enc_19310515_quadragesimo-anno.html)*: *AAS* 23 (1931), 197. ^csdc-fn-354 \[355\] Cf. *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.1.2.2.p6k|1910]]. ^csdc-fn-355 \[356\] Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 74: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1095-1097; John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Redemptor Hominis](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_04031979_redemptor-hominis.html)*, 17: *AAS* 71 (1979), 295-300. ^csdc-fn-356 \[357\] Cf. Leo XIII, Encyclical Letter *[Rerum Novarum](http://www.vatican.va/content/leo-xiii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_l-xiii_enc_15051891_rerum-novarum.html)*: *Acta Leonis XIII*, 11 (1892), 133-135; Pius XII, Radio Message for the fiftieth anniversary of *Rerum Novarum*: *AAS* 33 (1941), 200. ^csdc-fn-357 \[358\] Cf. *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.1.2.2.p6k|1908]]. ^csdc-fn-358 \[359\] Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Centesimus Annus](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus.html)*, 41: *AAS* 83 (1991), 843-845. ^csdc-fn-359 \[360\] Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 69: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1090. ^csdc-fn-360 \[361\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Centesimus Annus](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus.html)*, 31: *AAS* 83 (1991), 831. ^csdc-fn-361 \[362\] Cf. Pius XII, Radio Message for the fiftieth anniversary of *[Rerum Novarum](http://www.vatican.va/content/leo-xiii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_l-xiii_enc_15051891_rerum-novarum.html)*: *AAS* 33 (1941), 199-200. ^csdc-fn-362 \[363\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Laborem Exercens](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_14091981_laborem-exercens.html)*, 19: *AAS* 73 (1981), 525. ^csdc-fn-363 \[364\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Sollicitudo Rei Socialis](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_30121987_sollicitudo-rei-socialis.html)*, 42: *AAS* 80 (1988), 573. ^csdc-fn-364 \[365\] Pius XII, Radio Message for the fiftieth anniversary of *Rerum Novarum*: *AAS* 33 (1941), 199. ^csdc-fn-365 \[366\] Paul VI, Encyclical Letter *[Populorum Progressio](http://www.vatican.va/content/paul-vi/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_p-vi_enc_26031967_populorum.html)*, 22: *AAS* 59 (1967), 268. ^csdc-fn-366 \[367\] Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, *[Libertatis Conscientia](https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_19860322_freedom-liberation_en.html)*, 90: *AAS* 79 (1987), 594. ^csdc-fn-367 \[368\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Centesimus Annus](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus.html)*, 31: *AAS* 83 (1991), 832. ^csdc-fn-368 \[369\] Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 71: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1092-1093; cf. Leo XIII, Encyclical Letter *[Rerum Novarum](http://www.vatican.va/content/leo-xiii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_l-xiii_enc_15051891_rerum-novarum.html)*: *Acta Leonis XIII*, 11 (1892), 103-104; Pius XII, Radio Message for the fiftieth anniversary of *Rerum Novarum*: *AAS* 33 (1941), 199; Pius XII, Radio Message of 24 December 1942: *AAS* 35 (1943), 17; Pius XII, Radio Message of 1 September 1944: *AAS* 36 (1944), 253; John XXIII, Encyclical Letter *[Mater et Magistra](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-xxiii/it/encyclicals/documents/hf_j-xxiii_enc_15051961_mater.html)*: *AAS* 53 (1961), 428-429. ^csdc-fn-369 \[370\] Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Centesimus Annus](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus.html)*, 6: *AAS* 83 (1991), 800-801. ^csdc-fn-370 \[371\] Leo XIII, Encyclical Letter *[Rerum Novarum](http://www.vatican.va/content/leo-xiii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_l-xiii_enc_15051891_rerum-novarum.html)*: *Acta Leonis XIII*, 11 (1892), 102. ^csdc-fn-371 \[372\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Laborem Exercens](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_14091981_laborem-exercens.html)*, 14: *AAS* 73 (1981), 613. ^csdc-fn-372 \[373\] Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 69: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1090-1092; *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.2.2.7.p8a|2402]]-[[3.2.2.7.p8a|2406]]. ^csdc-fn-373 \[374\] Cf. Leo XIII, Encyclical Letter *[Rerum Novarum](http://www.vatican.va/content/leo-xiii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_l-xiii_enc_15051891_rerum-novarum.html)*: *Acta Leonis XIII*, 11 (1892), 102. ^csdc-fn-374 \[375\] Cf. Paul VI, Encyclical Letter *[Populorum Progressio](http://www.vatican.va/content/paul-vi/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_p-vi_enc_26031967_populorum.html)*, 22-23: *AAS* 59 (1967), 268-269. ^csdc-fn-375 \[376\] Cf. John XXIII, Encyclical Letter *[Mater et Magistra](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-xxiii/it/encyclicals/documents/hf_j-xxiii_enc_15051961_mater.html)*: *AAS* 53 (1961), 430-431; John Paul II, Address to the Third General Conference of Latin American Bishops, Puebla, Mexico (28 January 1979), III/4: *AAS* 71 (1979), 199-201. ^csdc-fn-376 \[377\] Cf. Pius XI, Encyclical Letter *[Quadragesimo Anno](http://www.vatican.va/content/pius-xi/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_p-xi_enc_19310515_quadragesimo-anno.html)*: *AAS* 23 (1931), 191-192, 193-194, 196-197. ^csdc-fn-377 \[378\] Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 69: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1090. ^csdc-fn-378 \[379\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Centesimus Annus](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus.html)*, 32: *AAS* 83 (1991), 832. ^csdc-fn-379 \[380\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Centesimus Annus](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus.html)*, 35: *AAS* 83 (1991), 837. ^csdc-fn-380 \[381\] Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 69: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1090-1092. ^csdc-fn-381 \[382\] Cf. Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace, *[Towards a Better Distribution of Land. The Challenge of Agrarian Reform](http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/pontifical_councils/justpeace/documents/rc_pc_justpeace_doc_12011998_distribuzione-terra_en.html)* (23 November 1997), 27-31: Libreria Editrice Vaticana, Vatican City 1997, pp. 28-31. ^csdc-fn-382 \[383\] Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Sollicitudo Rei Socialis](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_30121987_sollicitudo-rei-socialis.html)*, 27-34, 37: *AAS* 80 (1988), 547-560, 563-564; John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Centesimus Annus](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus.html)*, 41: *AAS* 83 (1991), 843-845. ^csdc-fn-383 \[384\] Cf. John Paul II, [Address to the Third General Conference of Latin American Bishops](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/speeches/1979/january/documents/hf_jp-ii_spe_19790128_messico-puebla-episc-latam.html), Puebla, Mexico (28 January 1979), I/8: *AAS* 71 (1979), 194-195. ^csdc-fn-384 \[385\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Sollicitudo Rei Socialis](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_30121987_sollicitudo-rei-socialis.html)*, 42: *AAS* 80 (1988), 572573; cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Evangelium Vitae](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_25031995_evangelium-vitae.html)*, 32: *AAS* 87 (1995), 436-437; John Paul II, Apostolic Letter *[Tertio Millennio Adveniente](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/apost_letters/1994/documents/hf_jp-ii_apl_19941110_tertio-millennio-adveniente.html)*, 51: *AAS* 87 (1995), 36; John Paul II, Apostolic Letter *[Novo Millennio Ineunte](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/apost_letters/2001/documents/hf_jp-ii_apl_20010106_novo-millennio-ineunte.html)*, 49-50: *AAS* 93 (2001), 302-303. ^csdc-fn-385 \[386\] Cf. *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.2.2.7.p8f|2448]]. ^csdc-fn-386 \[387\] *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.2.2.7.p8f|2443]]. ^csdc-fn-387 \[388\] *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[1.2.3.12.p2o|1033]]. ^csdc-fn-388 \[389\] Cf. *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.2.2.7.p8f|2444]]. ^csdc-fn-389 \[390\] *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.2.2.7.p8f|2448]]. ^csdc-fn-390 \[391\] *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.2.2.7.p8f|2447]]. ^csdc-fn-391 \[392\] Saint Gregory the Great, *Regula Pastoralis*, 3, 21: PL 77, 87: “Name cum qualibet necessaria indigentibus ministramus, sua illis reddimus, non nostra largimur; iustitiae potius debitum soluimus, quam misericordiae opera implemus”. ^csdc-fn-392 \[393\] Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Decree *[Apostolicam Actuositatem](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_decree_19651118_apostolicam-actuositatem_it.html)*, 8: *AAS* 58 (1966), 845; cf. *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.2.2.7.p8f|2446]]. ^csdc-fn-393 \[394\] *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.2.2.7.p8f|2445]]. ^csdc-fn-394 \[395\] Cf. Leo XIII, Encyclical Letter *[Rerum Novarum](http://www.vatican.va/content/leo-xiii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_l-xiii_enc_15051891_rerum-novarum.html)*: *Acta Leonis XIII*, 11 (1892), 101-102, 123. ^csdc-fn-395 \[396\] Cf. *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.1.2.1.p6g|1882]]. ^csdc-fn-396 \[397\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Sollicitudo Rei Socialis](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_30121987_sollicitudo-rei-socialis.html)*, 15: *AAS* 80 (1988), 529; cf. Pius XI, Encyclical Letter *[Quadragesimo Anno](http://www.vatican.va/content/pius-xi/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_p-xi_enc_19310515_quadragesimo-anno.html)*: *AAS* 23 (1931), 203; John XXIII, Encyclical Letter *[Mater et Magistra](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-xxiii/it/encyclicals/documents/hf_j-xxiii_enc_15051961_mater.html)*: *AAS* 53 (1961), 439; Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 65: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1086-1087; Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Instruction *[Libertatis Conscientia](https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_19860322_freedom-liberation_en.html)*, 73, 85-86: *AAS* 79 (1987), 586, 592-593; John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Centesimus Annus](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus.html)*, 48: *AAS* 83 (1991), 852-854; *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.1.2.1.p6g|1883]]-[[3.1.2.1.p6g|1885]]. ^csdc-fn-397 \[398\] Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Centesimus Annus](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus.html)*, 49: *AAS* 83 (1991), 854-856; John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Sollicitudo Rei Socialis](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_30121987_sollicitudo-rei-socialis.html)*, 15: *AAS* 80 (1988), 528-530. ^csdc-fn-398 \[399\] Pius XI, Encyclical Letter *[Quadragesimo Anno](http://www.vatican.va/content/pius-xi/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_p-xi_enc_19310515_quadragesimo-anno.html)*: *AAS* 23 (1931), 203; cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Centesimus Annus](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus.html)*, 48: *AAS* 83 (1991), 852-854; *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.1.2.1.p6g|1883]]. ^csdc-fn-399 \[400\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Centesimus Annus](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus.html)*, 48: *AAS* 83 (1991), 854. ^csdc-fn-400 \[401\] Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Centesimus Annus](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus.html)*, 48: *AAS* 83 (1991), 852-854. ^csdc-fn-401 \[402\] Cf. Paul VI, Apostolic Letter *[Octogesima Adveniens](http://www.vatican.va/content/paul-vi/en/apost_letters/documents/hf_p-vi_apl_19710514_octogesima-adveniens.html)*, 22, 46: *AAS* 63 (1971), 417, 433-435; Congregation for Catholic Education, *[Guidelines for the Study and Teaching of the Church's Social Doctrine in the Formation of Priests](http://www.humandevelopment.va/content/dam/sviluppoumano/pubblicazioni-documenti/archivio/dottrina-sociale-della-chiesa/orientamenti/ODSI_ENG.pdf)*, 40, Vatican Polyglot Press, Rome 1988, pp. 41-42. ^csdc-fn-402 \[403\] Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 75: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1097-1099. ^csdc-fn-403 \[404\] Cf. *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.1.2.2.p6l|1913]]-[[3.1.2.2.p6l|1917]]. ^csdc-fn-404 \[405\] Cf. John XXIII, Encyclical Letter *[Mater et Magistra](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-xxiii/it/encyclicals/documents/hf_j-xxiii_enc_15051961_mater.html)*: *AAS* 53 (1961), 423-425; John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Laborem Exercens](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_14091981_laborem-exercens.html)*, 14: *AAS* 73 (1981), 612-616; John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Centesimus Annus](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus.html)*, 35: *AAS* 83 (1991), 836-838. ^csdc-fn-405 \[406\] Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Sollicitudo Rei Socialis](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_30121987_sollicitudo-rei-socialis.html)*, 44-45: *AAS* 80 (1988), 575-578. ^csdc-fn-406 \[407\] Cf. John XXIII, Encyclical Letter *[Pacem in Terris](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-xxiii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_j-xxiii_enc_11041963_pacem.html)*: *AAS* 55 (1963), 278. ^csdc-fn-407 \[408\] Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Centesimus Annus](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus.html)*, 46: *AAS* 83 (1991), 850-851. ^csdc-fn-408 \[409\] Cf. *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.1.2.2.p6l|1917]]. ^csdc-fn-409 \[410\] Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 30-31: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1049-1050; John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Centesimus Annus](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus.html)*, 47: *AAS* 83 (1991), 851-852. ^csdc-fn-410 \[411\] Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Centesimus Annus](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus.html)*, 44-45: *AAS* 83 (1991), 848-849. ^csdc-fn-411 \[412\] Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Sollicitudo Rei Socialis](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_30121987_sollicitudo-rei-socialis.html)*, 15: *AAS* 80 (1988), 528-530; Pius XII, Christmas Radio Message of 24 December 1952: *AAS* 45 (1953), 37; Paul VI, Apostolic Letter *[Octogesima Adveniens](http://www.vatican.va/content/paul-vi/en/apost_letters/documents/hf_p-vi_apl_19710514_octogesima-adveniens.html)*, 47: *AAS* 63 (1971), 435-437. ^csdc-fn-412 \[413\] There can be *associated* to the concept of *interdependence* the classical theme of *socialization*, repeatedly examined by the Church's social doctrine; cf. John XXIII, Encyclical Letter *[Mater et Magistra](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-xxiii/it/encyclicals/documents/hf_j-xxiii_enc_15051961_mater.html)*: *AAS* 53 (1961), 415-417; Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 42: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1060-1061; John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Laborem Exercens](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_14091981_laborem-exercens.html)*, 14-15: *AAS* 73 (1981), 612-618. ^csdc-fn-413 \[414\] Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Sollicitudo Rei Socialis](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_30121987_sollicitudo-rei-socialis.html)*, 11-22: *AAS* 80 (1988), 525-540. ^csdc-fn-414 \[415\] Cf. *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.1.2.3.p6q|1939]]-[[3.1.2.3.p6q|1941]]. ^csdc-fn-415 \[416\] Cf. *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.1.2.3.p6q|1942]]. ^csdc-fn-416 \[417\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Sollicitudo Rei Socialis](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_30121987_sollicitudo-rei-socialis.html)*, 36, 37: *AAS* 80 (1988), 561-564; cf. John Paul II, Apostolic Exhortation *[Reconciliatio et Paenitentia](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/apost_exhortations/documents/hf_jp-ii_exh_02121984_reconciliatio-et-paenitentia.html)*, 16: *AAS* 77 (1985), 213-217. ^csdc-fn-417 \[418\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Sollicitudo Rei Socialis](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_30121987_sollicitudo-rei-socialis.html)*, 38: *AAS* 80 (1988), 565-566. ^csdc-fn-418 \[419\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Sollicitudo Rei Socialis](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_30121987_sollicitudo-rei-socialis.html)*, 38: *AAS* 80 (1988), 566; cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Laborem Exercens](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_14091981_laborem-exercens.html)*, 8: *AAS* 73 (1981), 594-598; John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Centesimus Annus](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus.html)*, 57: *AAS* 83 (1991), 862-863. ^csdc-fn-419 \[420\] Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Sollicitudo Rei Socialis](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_30121987_sollicitudo-rei-socialis.html)*, 17, 39, 45: *AAS* 80 (1988), 532-533, 566-568, 577-578. International solidarity too is required by the moral order; peace in the world depends in large part on this: cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 83-86: *AAS* 58 (1966), 11071110; Paul VI, Encyclical Letter *[Populorum Progressio](http://www.vatican.va/content/paul-vi/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_p-vi_enc_26031967_populorum.html)*, 48: *AAS* 59 (1967), 281; Pontifical Commission “Iustitia et Pax”, *[At the Service of the Human Community: an Ethical Approach to the International Debt Question](http://www.iustitiaetpax.va/content/giustiziaepace/en/archivio/documenti/at-the-service-of-the-human-community--an-ethical-approach-to-th.html)* (27 December 1986), I, 1, Vatican Polyglot Press, Vatican City 1986, p. 11; *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.1.2.3.p6q|1941]], [[3.2.2.7.p8e|2438]]. ^csdc-fn-420 \[421\] Solidarity, though not yet with that explicit name, is one of the basic principles of *[Rerum Novarum](http://www.vatican.va/content/leo-xiii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_l-xiii_enc_15051891_rerum-novarum.html)* (cf. John XXIII, Encyclical Letter *[Mater et Magistra](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-xxiii/it/encyclicals/documents/hf_j-xxiii_enc_15051961_mater.html)*: *AAS* 53 \[1961\], 407). “What we nowadays call the principle of solidarity... is frequently stated by Pope Leo XIII, who uses the term ‘friendship', a concept already found in Greek philosophy. Pope Pius XI refers to it with the equally meaningful term ‘social charity'. Pope Paul VI, expanding the concept to cover the many modern aspects of the social question, speaks of a ‘civilization of love' “(John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Centesimus Annus](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus.html)*, 10: *AAS* 83 \[1991\], 805). Solidarity is one of the basic principles of the entire social teaching of the Church (cf. Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Instruction *[Libertatis Conscientia](https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_19860322_freedom-liberation_en.html)*, 73: *AAS* 79 \[1987\], 586). Starting with Pius XII (cf. Encyclical Letter *Summi Pontificatus*: *AAS* 31 \[1939\], 426-427), the term *solidarity* is used ever more frequently and with ever broader meaning: from that of “law” in the same encyclical to that of “principle” (cf. John XXIII, Encyclical Letter *[Mater et Magistra](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-xxiii/it/encyclicals/documents/hf_j-xxiii_enc_15051961_mater.html)*: *AAS* 53 \[1961\], 407), that of “duty” (cf. Paul VI, Encyclical Letter *[Populorum Progressio](http://www.vatican.va/content/paul-vi/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_p-vi_enc_26031967_populorum.html)*, 17, 48: *AAS* 59 \[1967\], 265-266, 281) and that of “value” (cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Sollicitudo Rei Socialis](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_30121987_sollicitudo-rei-socialis.html)*, 38: *AAS* 80 \[1988\], 564-566), and finally that of “virtue” (cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Sollicitudo Rei Socialis](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_30121987_sollicitudo-rei-socialis.html)*, 38, 40: *AAS* 80 \[1988\], 564-566, 568-569). ^csdc-fn-421 \[422\] Cf. Congregation for Catholic Education, *[Guidelines for the Study and Teaching of the Church's Social Doctrine in the Formation of Priests](http://www.humandevelopment.va/content/dam/sviluppoumano/pubblicazioni-documenti/archivio/dottrina-sociale-della-chiesa/orientamenti/ODSI_ENG.pdf)*, 38, Vatican Polyglot Press, Rome 1988, pp. 40-41. ^csdc-fn-422 \[423\] Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 32: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1051. ^csdc-fn-423 \[424\] Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Sollicitudo Rei Socialis](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_30121987_sollicitudo-rei-socialis.html)*, 40: *AAS* 80 (1988), 568: “*Solidarity* is undoubtedly a *Christian virtue*. In what has been said so far it has been possible to identify many points of contact between solidarity and *charity*, which is the distinguishing mark of Christ's disciples (cf. *Jn* 13:35)”. ^csdc-fn-424 \[425\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Sollicitudo Rei Socialis](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_30121987_sollicitudo-rei-socialis.html)*, 40: *AAS* 80 (1988), 569. ^csdc-fn-425 \[426\] Cf. *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.1.2.1.p6h|1886]]. ^csdc-fn-426 \[427\] Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 26: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1046-1047; John XXIII, Encyclical Letter *[Pacem in Terris](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-xxiii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_j-xxiii_enc_11041963_pacem.html)*: *AAS* 55 (1963), 265-266.. ^csdc-fn-427 \[428\] Congregation for Catholic Education, *[Guidelines for the Study and Teaching of the Church's Social Doctrine in the Formation of Priests](http://www.humandevelopment.va/content/dam/sviluppoumano/pubblicazioni-documenti/archivio/dottrina-sociale-della-chiesa/orientamenti/ODSI_ENG.pdf)*, 43, Vatican Polyglot Press, Rome 1988, p. 44. ^csdc-fn-428 \[429\] Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 36: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1053-1054. ^csdc-fn-429 \[430\] Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 1: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1025-1026; Paul VI, Encyclical Letter *[Populorum Progressio](http://www.vatican.va/content/paul-vi/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_p-vi_enc_26031967_populorum.html)*, 13: *AAS* 59 (1967), 263-264. ^csdc-fn-430 \[431\] Cf. *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.2.2.8.p8i|2467]]. ^csdc-fn-431 \[432\] Cf. John XXIII, Encyclical Letter *[Pacem in Terris](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-xxiii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_j-xxiii_enc_11041963_pacem.html)*: *AAS* 55 (1963), 265-266, 281. ^csdc-fn-432 \[433\] Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 61: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1081-1082; Paul VI, Encyclical Letter *[Populorum Progressio](http://www.vatican.va/content/paul-vi/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_p-vi_enc_26031967_populorum.html)*, 35, 40: *AAS* 59 (1967), 274-275, 277; John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Sollicitudo Rei Socialis](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_30121987_sollicitudo-rei-socialis.html)*, 44: *AAS* 80 (1988), 575-577. For social reform, “the primary task, which will affect the success of all the others, belongs to the order of education”: Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Instruction *[Libertatis Conscientia](https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_19860322_freedom-liberation_en.html)*, 99: *AAS* 79 (1987), 599. ^csdc-fn-433 \[434\] Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 16: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1037; *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.2.2.8.p8h|2464]]-[[3.2.2.8.p8k|2487]]. ^csdc-fn-434 \[435\] Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 17: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1037-1038; *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.1.1.1.p5g|1705]], [[3.1.1.3.p5m|1730]]; Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Instruction *[Libertatis Conscientia](https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_19860322_freedom-liberation_en.html)*, 28: *AAS* 79 (1987), 565. ^csdc-fn-435 \[436\] *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.1.1.3.p5n|1738]]. ^csdc-fn-436 \[437\] Cf. Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Instruction *[Libertatis Conscientia](https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_19860322_freedom-liberation_en.html)*, 26: *AAS* 79 (1987), 564-565. ^csdc-fn-437 \[438\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Centesimus Annus](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus.html)*, 42: *AAS* 83 (1991), 846. This statement is made in the context of economic initiative, but it appears correct to apply it also to other areas of personal activity. ^csdc-fn-438 \[439\] Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Centesimus Annus](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus.html)*, 17: *AAS* 83 (1991), 814-815. ^csdc-fn-439 \[440\] Cf. John XXIII, Encyclical Letter *[Pacem in Terris](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-xxiii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_j-xxiii_enc_11041963_pacem.html)*: *AAS* 55 (1963), 289-290. ^csdc-fn-440 \[441\] Cf. Saint Thomas, *Summa Theologiae*, I-II, q. 6: Ed. Leon. 6, 55-63. ^csdc-fn-441 \[442\] *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.1.1.7.p65|1807]]; cf. Saint Thomas Aquinas, *Summa Theologiae*, II-II, q. 58, a. 1: Ed. Leon. 9, 9-10: “iustitia est perpetua et constans voluntas ius suum unicuique tribuendi”. ^csdc-fn-442 \[443\] Cf. John XXIII, Encyclical Letter *[Pacem in Terris](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-xxiii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_j-xxiii_enc_11041963_pacem.html)*: *AAS* 55 (1963), 282-283. ^csdc-fn-443 \[444\] Cf. *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.2.2.7.p8b|2411]]. ^csdc-fn-444 \[445\] Cf. *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.1.2.3.p6n|1928]]-[[3.1.2.3.p6q|1942]], [[3.2.2.7.p8c|2425]]-[[3.2.2.7.p8f|2449]], [[4.2.0.3.paa|2832]]; Pius XI, Encyclical Letter *[Divini Redemptoris](http://www.vatican.va/content/pius-xi/it/encyclicals/documents/hf_p-xi_enc_19370319_divini-redemptoris.html)*: *AAS* 29 (1937), 92. ^csdc-fn-445 \[446\] Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Laborem Exercens](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_14091981_laborem-exercens.html)*, 2: *AAS* 73 (1981), 580-583. ^csdc-fn-446 \[447\] Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Sollicitudo Rei Socialis](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_30121987_sollicitudo-rei-socialis.html)*, 40: *AAS* 80 (1988), 568; cf. *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.1.2.3.p6o|1929]]. ^csdc-fn-447 \[448\] John Paul II, [Message for the 2004 World Day of Peace](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/messages/peace/documents/hf_jp-ii_mes_20031216_xxxvii-world-day-for-peace.html), 10: *AAS* 96 (2004), 121. ^csdc-fn-448 \[449\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Sollicitudo Rei Socialis](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_30121987_sollicitudo-rei-socialis.html)*, 39: *AAS* 80 (1988), 568. ^csdc-fn-449 \[450\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Sollicitudo Rei Socialis](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_30121987_sollicitudo-rei-socialis.html)*, 39: *AAS* 80 (1988), 568. ^csdc-fn-450 \[451\] Cf. John XXIII, Encyclical Letter *[Pacem in Terris](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-xxiii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_j-xxiii_enc_11041963_pacem.html)*: *AAS* 55 (1963), 265-267. ^csdc-fn-451 \[452\] John Paul II, [Message for the 2004 World Day of Peace](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/messages/peace/documents/hf_jp-ii_mes_20031216_xxxvii-world-day-for-peace.html), 10: *AAS* 96 (2004), 120. ^csdc-fn-452 \[453\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Dives in Misericordia](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_30111980_dives-in-misericordia.html)*, 14: *AAS* 72 (1980), 1223. ^csdc-fn-453 \[454\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Dives in Misericordia](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_30111980_dives-in-misericordia.html)*, 12: *AAS* 72 (1980), 1216. ^csdc-fn-454 \[455\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Dives in Misericordia](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_30111980_dives-in-misericordia.html)*, 14: *AAS* 72 (1980), 1224; cf. *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.2.2.4.p7t|2212]]. ^csdc-fn-455 \[456\] Saint Thomas Aquinas, *Summa Theologiae*, II-II, q. 23, a. 8: Ed. Leon. 8, 72; cf. *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.1.1.7.p66|1827]]. ^csdc-fn-456 --- --- ![[maps/bibliography#^biblio-csdc]] > [[sd-08-footnotes-1a|← Previous]] | [[sd-08-footnotes|TOC]] | [[sd-08-footnotes-2a|Next →]]