> [[sd-08-footnotes-2b|← Previous]] | [[sd-08-footnotes|TOC]] | [[sd-09-abbrev|Next →]] # Part 3 Footnotes (1105 - 1232) \[1105\] Cf. Congregation for the Clergy, *[General Directory for Catechesis](http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cclergy/documents/rc_con_ccatheduc_doc_17041998_directory-for-catechesis_en.html)*, 18, Libreria Editrice Vaticana, Vatican City 1997, pp. 21-22. ^csdc-fn-1105 \[1106\] Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Redemptoris Missio](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_07121990_redemptoris-missio.html)*, 11: *AAS* 83 (1991), 259-260. ^csdc-fn-1106 \[1107\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Centesimus Annus](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus.html),* 5: *AAS* 83 (1991), 799. ^csdc-fn-1107 \[1108\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Centesimus Annus](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus.html),* 5: *AAS* 83 (1991), 799. ^csdc-fn-1108 \[1109\] Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 22: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1043. ^csdc-fn-1109 \[1110\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Redemptoris Missio](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_07121990_redemptoris-missio.html)*, 52: *AAS* 83 (1991), 300; cf. Paul VI, Apostolic Exhortation *[Evangelii Nuntiandi](http://www.vatican.va/content/paul-vi/en/apost_exhortations/documents/hf_p-vi_exh_19751208_evangelii-nuntiandi.html),* 20: *AAS* 68 (1976), 18-19. ^csdc-fn-1110 \[1111\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Redemptoris Missio](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_07121990_redemptoris-missio.html),* 11: *AAS* 83 (1991), 259-260. ^csdc-fn-1111 \[1112\] John Paul II, Post-Synodal Apostolic Exhortation *[Christifideles Laici](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/apost_exhortations/documents/hf_jp-ii_exh_30121988_christifideles-laici.html)*, 35: *AAS* 81 (1989), 458. ^csdc-fn-1112 \[1113\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Centesimus Annus](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus.html)*, 5: *AAS* 83 (1991), 800. ^csdc-fn-1113 \[1114\] John Paul II; Encyclical Letter *[Redemptoris Missio](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_07121990_redemptoris-missio.html),* 11: *AAS* 83 (1991), 259. ^csdc-fn-1114 \[1115\] Paul VI, Apostolic Letter *[Octogesima Adveniens](http://www.vatican.va/content/paul-vi/en/apost_letters/documents/hf_p-vi_apl_19710514_octogesima-adveniens.html),* 51: *AAS* 63 (1971), 440. ^csdc-fn-1115 \[1116\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Centesimus Annus](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus.html)*, 57: *AAS* 83 (1991), 862. ^csdc-fn-1116 \[1117\] Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Sollicitudo Rei Socialis](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_30121987_sollicitudo-rei-socialis.html)*, 48: *AAS* 80 (1988), 583-584. ^csdc-fn-1117 \[1118\] Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 76: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1099-1100. ^csdc-fn-1118 \[1119\] Cf. John XXIII, Encyclical Letter *[Mater et Magistra](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-xxiii/it/encyclicals/documents/hf_j-xxiii_enc_15051961_mater.html)*: *AAS* 53 (1961), 453; John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Centesimus Annus](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus.html)* 54: *AAS* 83 (1991), 859-860. ^csdc-fn-1119 \[1120\] Cf. John XXIII, Encyclical Letter *[Pacem in Terris](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-xxiii/it/encyclicals/documents/hf_j-xxiii_enc_11041963_pacem.html)*: *AAS* 55 (1963), 265-266. ^csdc-fn-1120 \[1121\] Cf. John Paul II, Post-Synodal Apostolic Exhortation *[Christifideles Laici](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/apost_exhortations/documents/hf_jp-ii_exh_30121988_christifideles-laici.html)*, 60: *AAS* 81 (1989), 511. ^csdc-fn-1121 \[1122\] Cf. Congregation for the Clergy, *[General Directory for Catechesis](http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cclergy/documents/rc_con_ccatheduc_doc_17041998_directory-for-catechesis_en.html)*, 30, Libreria Editrice Vaticana, Vatican City 1997, pp. 30-32. ^csdc-fn-1122 \[1123\] Cf. John Paul II, Apostolic Exhortation *[Catechesi Tradendae](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/apost_exhortations/documents/hf_jp-ii_exh_16101979_catechesi-tradendae.html)*, 18: *AAS* 71 (1979), 1291-1292. ^csdc-fn-1123 \[1124\] John Paul II, Apostolic Exhortation *[Catechesi Tradendae](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/apost_exhortations/documents/hf_jp-ii_exh_16101979_catechesi-tradendae.html)*, 5: *AAS* 71 (1979), 1281. ^csdc-fn-1124 \[1125\] Cf. Congregation for the Clergy, *General Directory for Catechesis*, 54, Libreria Editrice Vaticana, Vatican City 1997, p. 54. ^csdc-fn-1125 \[1126\] John Paul II, Apostolic Exhortation *[Catechesi Tradendae](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/apost_exhortations/documents/hf_jp-ii_exh_16101979_catechesi-tradendae.html)*, 29: *AAS* 71 (1979), 1301-1302; cf. also Congregation for the Clergy, *General Directory for Catechesis*, 17, Libreria Editrice Vaticana, Vatican City 1997, p. 21. ^csdc-fn-1126 \[1127\] Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Declaration *[Dignitatis Humanae](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_decl_19651207_dignitatis-humanae_en.html),* 8: *AAS* 58 (1966), 935. ^csdc-fn-1127 \[1128\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Veritatis Splendoris](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_06081993_veritatis-splendor.html)*, 107: *AAS* 85 (1993), 1217. ^csdc-fn-1128 \[1129\] Paul VI, Encyclical Letter *[Populorum Progressio](http://www.vatican.va/content/paul-vi/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_p-vi_enc_26031967_populorum.html),* 81: *AAS* 59 (1967), 296-297. ^csdc-fn-1129 \[1130\] Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 75: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1097-1098. ^csdc-fn-1130 \[1131\] Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 75: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1098. ^csdc-fn-1131 \[1132\] 30 December 1988, Vatican Polyglot Press, Rome 1988. ^csdc-fn-1132 \[1133\] Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Declaration *[Nostra Aetate](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_decl_19651028_nostra-aetate_en.html)*, 4: *AAS* 58 (1966), 742-743. ^csdc-fn-1133 \[1134\] Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Sollicitudo Rei Socialis](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_30121987_sollicitudo-rei-socialis.html)*, 32: *AAS* 80 (1988), 556-557. ^csdc-fn-1134 \[1135\] 27 October 1986; 24 January 2002. ^csdc-fn-1135 \[1136\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Redemptoris Missio](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_07121990_redemptoris-missio.html)*, 2: *AAS* 83 (1991), 250. ^csdc-fn-1136 \[1137\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Centesimus Annus](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus.html)*, 3: *AAS* 83 (1991), 795. ^csdc-fn-1137 \[1138\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Centesimus Annus](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus.html)*, 3: *AAS* 83 (1991), 796. ^csdc-fn-1138 \[1139\] Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution *[Lumen Gentium](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19641121_lumen-gentium_en.html)*, 31: *AAS* 57 (1965), 37. ^csdc-fn-1139 \[1140\] Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution *[Lumen Gentium](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19641121_lumen-gentium_en.html),* 31: *AAS* 57 (1965), 37. ^csdc-fn-1140 \[1141\] John Paul II, Post-Synodal Apostolic Exhortation *[Christifideles Laici](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/apost_exhortations/documents/hf_jp-ii_exh_30121988_christifideles-laici.html)*, 15: *AAS* 81 (1989), 415. ^csdc-fn-1141 \[1142\] Cf. John Paul II, Post-Synodal Apostolic Exhortation *[Christifideles Laici](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/apost_exhortations/documents/hf_jp-ii_exh_30121988_christifideles-laici.html)*, 24: *AAS* 81 (1989), 433-435. ^csdc-fn-1142 \[1143\] Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 76: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1099. ^csdc-fn-1143 \[1144\] Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution *[Lumen Gentium](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19641121_lumen-gentium_en.html)*, 31: *AAS* 57 (1965), 37-38. ^csdc-fn-1144 \[1145\] John Paul II, Post-Synodal Apostolic Exhortation *[Christifidelis Laici](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/apost_exhortations/documents/hf_jp-ii_exh_30121988_christifideles-laici.html)*, 59: *AAS* 81 (1989), 509. ^csdc-fn-1145 \[1146\] Cf. *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.1.1.7.p65|1806]]. ^csdc-fn-1146 \[1147\] The exercise of prudence calls for a progressive formation in order to acquire the necessary qualities: *“memory”* as the capacity to remember one's own past experience with objectivity, without falsification (cf. Saint Thomas Aquinas *Summa Theologiae*, II-II, q. 49, a. 1: Ed. Leon. 8, 367); *“docilitas”* (docility) that allows one to learn from others and to profit from their experience on the basis of an authentic love for truth (cf. Saint Thomas Aquinas *Summa Theologiae*, II-II, q. 49, a. 3: Ed. Leon. 8, 368369); *“solertia”* (diligence), that is, the ability to face the unexpected with objectivity in order to turn every situation to the service of good, overcoming the temptation of intemperance, injustice, and cowardice (cf. Saint Thomas Aquinas *Summa Theologiae*, II-II, q. 49, a. 4: Ed. Leon. 8, 369-370). These cognitive dispositions permit the development of the necessary conditions for the moment of decision: *“providencia”* (foresight), which is the capacity of weighing the efficacy of a given conduct for the attainment of a moral end (cf. Saint Thomas Aquinas *Summa Theologiae*, II-II, q. 49, a. 6: Ed. Leon. 8, 371) and *“circumspectio”* (circumspection), or the capacity of weighing the circumstances that contribute to the creation of the situation in which a given action will be carried out (cf. Saint Thomas Aquinas *Summa Theologiae*, II-II, q. 49, a. 7: Ed. Leon. 8, 372). In the social context, prudence can be specified under two particular forms: *“regnative”* prudence, that is, the capacity to order all things for the greatest good of society (cf. Saint Thomas Aquinas *Summa Theologiae*, II-II, q. 50, a. 1: Ed. Leon. 8, 374), and *“political”* prudence, which leads citizens to obey, carrying out the indications of authority (cf. Saint Thomas Aquinas *Summa Theologiae*, II-II, q. 50, a. 2: Ed. Leon. 8, 375), without compromising their dignity as a human person (cf. Saint Thomas Aquinas *Summa Theologiae*, II-II, qq. 47-56: Ed. Leon. 8, 348-406). ^csdc-fn-1147 \[1148\] Cf. John Paul II, Post-Synodal Apostolic Exhortation *[Christifideles Laici](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/apost_exhortations/documents/hf_jp-ii_exh_30121988_christifideles-laici.html)*, 30: *AAS* 81 (1989), 446-448. ^csdc-fn-1148 \[1149\] John Paul II, Post-Synodal Apostolic Exhortation *[Christifideles Laici](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/apost_exhortations/documents/hf_jp-ii_exh_30121988_christifideles-laici.html)*, 62: *AAS* 81 (1989), 516-517. ^csdc-fn-1149 \[1150\] Cf. John XXIII, Encyclical Letter *[Mater et Magistra](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-xxiii/it/encyclicals/documents/hf_j-xxiii_enc_15051961_mater.html)*: *AAS* 53 (1961) 455. ^csdc-fn-1150 \[1151\] John Paul II, Post-Synodal Apostolic Exhortation *[Christifideles Laici](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/apost_exhortations/documents/hf_jp-ii_exh_30121988_christifideles-laici.html)*, 29: *AAS* 81 (1989), 443. ^csdc-fn-1151 \[1152\] Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 76: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1099. ^csdc-fn-1152 \[1153\] Cf. John XXIII, Encyclical Letter *[Mater et Magistra](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-xxiii/it/encyclicals/documents/hf_j-xxiii_enc_15051961_mater.html)*: *AAS* 53 (1961), 454; John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Centesimus Annus](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus.html)*, 57: *AAS* 83 (1991), 862-863. ^csdc-fn-1153 \[1154\] Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 91: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1113. ^csdc-fn-1154 \[1155\] John Paul II, Post-Synodal Apostolic Exhortation *[Christifideles Laici](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/apost_exhortations/documents/hf_jp-ii_exh_30121988_christifideles-laici.html)*, 37: *AAS* 81 (1989), 460. ^csdc-fn-1155 \[1156\] Pius XI, Encyclical Letter *[Quadragesimo Anno](http://www.vatican.va/content/pius-xi/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_p-xi_enc_19310515_quadragesimo-anno.html)*: *AAS* 23 (1931), 218. ^csdc-fn-1156 \[1157\] Pius XI, Encyclical Letter *[Quadragesimo Anno](http://www.vatican.va/content/pius-xi/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_p-xi_enc_19310515_quadragesimo-anno.html)*: *AAS* 23 (1931), 218. ^csdc-fn-1157 \[1158\] Cf. Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Instruction *[Donum Vitae](https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_19870222_respect-for-human-life_en.html)*, (22 February 1987): *AAS* 80 (1988), 70-102. ^csdc-fn-1158 \[1159\] John Paul II, Post-Synodal Apostolic Exhortation *[Christifideles Laici](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/apost_exhortations/documents/hf_jp-ii_exh_30121988_christifideles-laici.html)*, 39: *AAS* 81 (1989), 466. ^csdc-fn-1159 \[1160\] Cf. John Paul II, Post-Synodal Apostolic Exhortation *[Christifideles Laici](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/apost_exhortations/documents/hf_jp-ii_exh_30121988_christifideles-laici.html)*, 39: *AAS* 81 (1989), 466. ^csdc-fn-1160 \[1161\] Cf. John Paul II, Post-Synodal Apostolic Exhortation *[Familiaris Consortio](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/apost_exhortations/documents/hf_jp-ii_exh_19811122_familiaris-consortio.html)*, 42-48: *AAS* 74 (1982), 134-140. ^csdc-fn-1161 \[1162\] Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 43: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1062. ^csdc-fn-1162 \[1163\] John Paul II, Address to UNESCO (2 June 1980), 7: *L'Osservatore Romano,* English edition, 23 June 1980, p. 9. ^csdc-fn-1163 \[1164\] Cf. Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, *[Doctrinal Note on Some Questions Regarding the Participation of Catholics in Political Life](https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20021124_politica_en.html)* (24 November 2002), 7: Libreria Editrice Vaticana, Vatican City 2002, p. 15. ^csdc-fn-1164 \[1165\] Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 59: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1079-1080. ^csdc-fn-1165 \[1166\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Centesimus Annus](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus.html),* 50: *AAS* 83 (1991), 856. ^csdc-fn-1166 \[1167\] Cf. John Paul II, Address to UNESCO (2 June 1980), 11: *L'Osservatore Romano,* English edition, 23 June 1980, p. 10. ^csdc-fn-1167 \[1168\] Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 60: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1081. ^csdc-fn-1168 \[1169\] Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 61: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1082. ^csdc-fn-1169 \[1170\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Centesimus Annus](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus.html)*, 24: *AAS* 83 (1991), 822. ^csdc-fn-1170 \[1171\] Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Centesimus Annus](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus.html)*, 24: *AAS* 83 (1991), 821-822. ^csdc-fn-1171 \[1172\] Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Decree *[Inter Mirifica](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_decree_19631204_inter-mirifica_en.html)*, 4: *AAS* 56 (1964), 146. ^csdc-fn-1172 \[1173\] Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Fides et Ratio](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/it/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_14091998_fides-et-ratio.html)*, 36-48: *AAS* 91 (1999), 33-34. ^csdc-fn-1173 \[1174\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Centesimus Annus](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus.html)*, 55: *AAS* 83 (1991), 861. ^csdc-fn-1174 \[1175\] John Paul II, [Message for the 1999 World Day of Social Communications](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/messages/communications/documents/hf_jp-ii_mes_24011999_world-communications-day.html), 3: *L'Osservatore Romano,* English edition, 3 February 1999, pp. 1-2. ^csdc-fn-1175 \[1176\] *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.2.2.8.p8m|2495]]. ^csdc-fn-1176 \[1177\] Cf. Pontifical Council for Social Communications, *[Ethics in Communications](http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/pontifical_councils/pccs/documents/rc_pc_pccs_doc_20000530_ethics-communications_en.html)* (4 June 2000), 14, Libreria Editrice Vaticana, Vatican City 2000, pp. 14-16. ^csdc-fn-1177 \[1178\] Cf. Pontifical Council for Social Communications, *[Ethics in Communications](http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/pontifical_councils/pccs/documents/rc_pc_pccs_doc_20000530_ethics-communications_en.html)*, 4 June 2000, 33, Libreria Editrice Vaticana, Vatican City 2000, p. 40. ^csdc-fn-1178 \[1179\] Cf. Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, *[Doctrinal Note on Some Questions Regarding the Participation of Catholics in Political Life](https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20021124_politica_en.html)* (24 November 2002), 3: Libreria Editrice Vaticana, Vatican City 2002, p. 8. ^csdc-fn-1179 \[1180\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Sollicitudo Rei Socialis](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_30121987_sollicitudo-rei-socialis.html)*, 41: *AAS* 80 (1988), 570. ^csdc-fn-1180 \[1181\] John Paul II, [Message for the 2000 World Day of Peace](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/messages/peace/documents/hf_jp-ii_mes_08121999_xxxiii-world-day-for-peace.html), 14: *AAS* 92 (2000), 366. ^csdc-fn-1181 \[1182\] Cf. John Paul II, [Message for the 2000 World Day of Peace](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/messages/peace/documents/hf_jp-ii_mes_08121999_xxxiii-world-day-for-peace.html), 17: *AAS* 92 (2000), 367-368. ^csdc-fn-1182 \[1183\] Cf. Paul VI, Apostolic Letter *[Octogesima Adveniens](http://www.vatican.va/content/paul-vi/en/apost_letters/documents/hf_p-vi_apl_19710514_octogesima-adveniens.html),* 46: *AAS* 63 (1971), 433-436*.* ^csdc-fn-1183 \[1184\] Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Sollicitudo Rei Socialis](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_30121987_sollicitudo-rei-socialis.html)*, 36: *AAS* 80 (1988), 561-563. ^csdc-fn-1184 \[1185\] Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, *[Doctrinal Note on Some Questions Regarding the Participation of Catholics in Political Life](https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20021124_politica_en.html)* (24 November 2002), 6: Libreria Editrice Vaticana, Vatican City 2002, p. 13. ^csdc-fn-1185 \[1186\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Centesimus Annus](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus.html)*, 46: *AAS* 83 (1991), 850. ^csdc-fn-1186 \[1187\] Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html),* 74: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1095-1097. ^csdc-fn-1187 \[1188\] Cf. Congregation for Catholic Education, *[Guidelines for the Study and Teaching of the Church's Social Doctrine in the Formation of Priests](http://www.humandevelopment.va/content/dam/sviluppoumano/pubblicazioni-documenti/archivio/dottrina-sociale-della-chiesa/orientamenti/ODSI_ENG.pdf),* 8, Vatican Polyglot Press, Rome 1988, pp. 13-14. ^csdc-fn-1188 \[1189\] Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, *[Doctrinal Note on Some Questions Regarding the Participation of Catholics in Political Life](https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20021124_politica_en.html)* (24 November 2002), 7: Libreria Editrice Vaticana, Vatican City 2002, pp. 15-16. ^csdc-fn-1189 \[1190\] Cf. John Paul II, *[Centesimus Annus](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus.html)*, 46: *AAS* 83 (1991), 850-851. ^csdc-fn-1190 \[1191\] Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, *[Doctrinal Note on Some Questions Regarding the Participation of Catholics in Political Life](https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20021124_politica_en.html)* (24 November 2002), 4: Libreria Editrice Vaticana, Vatican City 2002, p. 9. ^csdc-fn-1191 \[1192\] Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Evangelium Vitae](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_25031995_evangelium-vitae.html)*, 73: *AAS* 87 (1995), 486-487. ^csdc-fn-1192 \[1193\] Cf. John Paul II, Post-Synodal Exhortation, *[Christifideles Laici](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/apost_exhortations/documents/hf_jp-ii_exh_30121988_christifideles-laici.html)*, 39: *AAS* 81 (1989), 466-468. ^csdc-fn-1193 \[1194\] Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 76: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1099-1100. ^csdc-fn-1194 \[1195\] Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, *[Doctrinal Note on Some Questions Regarding the Participation of Catholics in Political Life](https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20021124_politica_en.html)* (24 November 2002), 6: Libreria Editrice Vaticana, Vatican City 2002, p. 11. ^csdc-fn-1195 \[1196\] Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, *[Doctrinal Note on Some Questions Regarding the Participation of Catholics in Political Life](https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20021124_politica_en.html)* (24 November 2002), 6: Libreria Editrice Vaticana, Vatican City 2002, p. 12. ^csdc-fn-1196 \[1197\] Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, *[Doctrinal Note on Some Questions Regarding the Participation of Catholics in Political Life](https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20021124_politica_en.html)* (24 November 2002), 6: Libreria Editrice Vaticana, Vatican City 2002, pp. 12-13. ^csdc-fn-1197 \[1198\] John Paul II, [Address to the Diplomatic Corps](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/speeches/2004/january/documents/hf_jp-ii_spe_20040112_diplomatic-corps.html) (12 January 2004), 3: *L'Osservatore Romano,* English edition, 21 January 2004, p. 3. ^csdc-fn-1198 \[1199\] Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, *[Doctrinal Note on Some Questions Regarding the Participation of Catholics in Political Life](https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20021124_politica_en.html)* (24 November 2002), 6: Libreria Editrice Vaticana, Vatican City 2002, p. 14. ^csdc-fn-1199 \[1200\] Cf. Paul VI, Apostolic Letter *[Octogesima Adveniens](http://www.vatican.va/content/paul-vi/en/apost_letters/documents/hf_p-vi_apl_19710514_octogesima-adveniens.html)*, 46: *AAS* 63 (1971), 433-435. ^csdc-fn-1200 \[1201\] Cf. Paul VI, Apostolic Letter *[Octogesima Adveniens](http://www.vatican.va/content/paul-vi/en/apost_letters/documents/hf_p-vi_apl_19710514_octogesima-adveniens.html)*, 46: *AAS* 63 (1971), 433-435. ^csdc-fn-1201 \[1202\] Cf. Paul VI, Apostolic Letter *[Octogesima Adveniens](http://www.vatican.va/content/paul-vi/en/apost_letters/documents/hf_p-vi_apl_19710514_octogesima-adveniens.html)*, 50: *AAS* 63 (1971), 439-440. ^csdc-fn-1202 \[1203\] Paul VI, Apostolic Letter *[Octogesima Adveniens](http://www.vatican.va/content/paul-vi/en/apost_letters/documents/hf_p-vi_apl_19710514_octogesima-adveniens.html)*, 4: *AAS* 63 (1971), 403-404. ^csdc-fn-1203 \[1204\] Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 43: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1063. ^csdc-fn-1204 \[1205\] Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 43: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1063. ^csdc-fn-1205 \[1206\] Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 41: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1059. ^csdc-fn-1206 \[1207\] John XXIII, Encyclical Letter *[Mater et Magistra](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-xxiii/it/encyclicals/documents/hf_j-xxiii_enc_15051961_mater.html)*: *AAS* 53 (1961), 451. ^csdc-fn-1207 \[1208\] Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 41: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1059. ^csdc-fn-1208 \[1209\] Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 41: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1059-1060. ^csdc-fn-1209 \[1210\] Pius XII, Encyclical Letter *[Summi Pontificatus](http://www.vatican.va/content/pius-xii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_p-xii_enc_20101939_summi-pontificatus.html)*: *AAS* 31 (1939), 425. ^csdc-fn-1210 \[1211\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Centesimus Annus](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus.html)*, 55: *AAS* 83 (1991), 860-861. ^csdc-fn-1211 \[1212\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Veritatis Splendor](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_06081993_veritatis-splendor.html),* 98: *AAS* 85 (1993), 1210; cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Centesimus Annus](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus.html)*, 24: *AAS* 83 (1991), 821-822. ^csdc-fn-1212 \[1213\] John Paul II, Apostolic Letter *[Novo Millennio Ineunte](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/apost_letters/2001/documents/hf_jp-ii_apl_20010106_novo-millennio-ineunte.html)*, 29: *AAS* 93 (2001), 285. ^csdc-fn-1213 \[1214\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Sollicitudo Rei Socialis](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_30121987_sollicitudo-rei-socialis.html)*, 47: *AAS* 80 (1988), 580. ^csdc-fn-1214 \[1215\] John XXIII, Encyclical Letter *[Mater et Magistra](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-xxiii/it/encyclicals/documents/hf_j-xxiii_enc_15051961_mater.html)*: *AAS* 53 (1961), 541. ^csdc-fn-1215 \[1216\] Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution *[Lumen Gentium](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19641121_lumen-gentium_en.html)*, 35: *AAS* 57 (1965), 40. ^csdc-fn-1216 \[1217\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Centesimus Annus](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus.html)*, 10: *AAS* 83 (1991), 805-806. ^csdc-fn-1217 \[1218\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Sollicitudo Rei Socialis](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_30121987_sollicitudo-rei-socialis.html),* 40: *AAS* 80 (1988), 568. ^csdc-fn-1218 \[1219\] Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution *[Gaudium et Spes](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html)*, 38: *AAS* 58 (1966), 1055-1056; cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution *[Lumen Gentium](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19641121_lumen-gentium_en.html),* 42: *AAS* 57 (1965), 47-48; *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[1.2.3.9.p29|826]]. ^csdc-fn-1219 \[1220\] Cf. *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.1.2.1.p6h|1889]]. ^csdc-fn-1220 \[1221\] Leo XIII, Encyclical Letter *[Rerum Novarum](http://www.vatican.va/content/leo-xiii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_l-xiii_enc_15051891_rerum-novarum.html)*: *Acta Leonis XIII*, 11 (1892), 143; cf. Benedict XV, Encyclical Letter *[Pacem Dei](http://www.vatican.va/content/benedict-xv/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_ben-xv_enc_23051920_pacem-dei-munus-pulcherrimum.html)*: *AAS* 12 (1920), 215. ^csdc-fn-1221 \[1222\] Cf. Saint Thomas Aquinas, QD *De caritate*, a. 9, c; Pius XI, Encyclical Letter *[Quadragesimo Anno](http://www.vatican.va/content/pius-xi/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_p-xi_enc_19310515_quadragesimo-anno.html)*: *AAS* 23 (1931), 206-207; John XXIII, Encyclical Letter *[Mater et Magistra](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-xxiii/it/encyclicals/documents/hf_j-xxiii_enc_15051961_mater.html)*: *AAS* 53 (1961), 410; Paul VI, [*Address to FAO* (16 November 1970](http://www.vatican.va/content/paul-vi/en/speeches/1970/documents/hf_p-vi_spe_19701116_xxv-istituzione-fao.html)), 11: *AAS* 62 (1970), 837-838; John Paul II, Address to the Members of the Pontifical Commission “Iustitia et Pax” (9 February 1980), 7: *AAS* 72 (1980), 187. ^csdc-fn-1222 \[1223\] Cf. Paul VI, Apostolic Letter *[Octogesima Adveniens](http://www.vatican.va/content/paul-vi/en/apost_letters/documents/hf_p-vi_apl_19710514_octogesima-adveniens.html)*, 46: *AAS* 63 (1971), 433-435. ^csdc-fn-1223 \[1224\] Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Decree *[Apostolicam Actuositatem](http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_decree_19651118_apostolicam-actuositatem_en.html),* 8: *AAS* 58 (1966), 844-845; Paul VI, Encyclical Letter *[Populorum Progressio](http://www.vatican.va/content/paul-vi/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_p-vi_enc_26031967_populorum.html)*, 44: *AAS* 59 (1967), 279; John Paul II, Post-Synodal Apostolic Exhortation *[Christifideles Laici](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/apost_exhortations/documents/hf_jp-ii_exh_30121988_christifideles-laici.html)*, 42: *AAS* 81 (1989), 472-476; *Catechsim of the Catholic Church*, 1939. ^csdc-fn-1224 \[1225\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Redemptor Hominis](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_04031979_redemptor-hominis.html)*, 15: *AAS* 71 (1979), 288. ^csdc-fn-1225 \[1226\] John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Dives in Misericordia](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_30111980_dives-in-misericordia.html)*, 14: *AAS* 72 (1980), 1223. ^csdc-fn-1226 \[1227\] John Paul II, *[Message for the 2004 World Day of Peace](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/messages/peace/documents/hf_jp-ii_mes_20031216_xxxvii-world-day-for-peace.html)*, 10: *AAS* 96 (2004), 121; cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Dives in Misericordia](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_30111980_dives-in-misericordia.html)*, 14: *AAS* 72 (1980), 1224; *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.2.2.4.p7t|2212]]. ^csdc-fn-1227 \[1228\] Saint John Chrysostom, *Homilia De Perfecta Caritate,* 1, 2: PG 56, 281-282. ^csdc-fn-1228 \[1229\] Cf. John Paul II, Apostolic Letter *[Novo Millennio Ineunte](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/apost_letters/2001/documents/hf_jp-ii_apl_20010106_novo-millennio-ineunte.html)*, 49-51: *AAS* 93 (2001), 302-304. ^csdc-fn-1229 \[1230\] Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter *[Centesimus Annus](http://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus.html)*, 5: *AAS* 83 (1991), 798-800. ^csdc-fn-1230 \[1231\] *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.1.2.1.p6h|1889]]. ^csdc-fn-1231 \[1232\] Saint Thérèse of the Child Jesus, Act of Offering in *Story of a Soul*, tr. John Clarke (Washington, D.C.: ICS 1981, p. 277), as quoted in *Catechism of the Catholic Church*, [[3.1.3.2.p70|2011]]. ^csdc-fn-1232 --- --- ![[maps/bibliography#^biblio-csdc]] > [[sd-08-footnotes-2b|← Previous]] | [[sd-08-footnotes|TOC]] | [[sd-09-abbrev|Next →]]